The Three Branches of the U.S. Federal Government Essay -- United Stat

The Three Branches of the Federal Government There are three branches of the federal government, the executive, the judicial, and the legislative. The executive branch consists of such people as the president, the cabinet, and the executive offices of the president. The executive branch is known for enforcing laws created by the legislative branch. The judicial branch entails the United States Supreme Court and the Federal Judiciary. The judicial branch must review the laws the executive branch is to enforce. There is also the legislative branch. This branch contains the United States House of Representatives, the United States Senate, and the Library of Congress. Laws are created through the legislative branch. The basic idea between the creation of the three branches is based upon â€Å"checks and balances.† No branch should become so powerful that it over-takes either of the other branches. This also brings out the point that neither one of these branches, nor any person holding office in one of them, can exercise power belonging to either of the others. The legislative branch creates the laws, the judicial branch reviews the law, and then the executive branch enforces the laws. All three branches are interrelated, each branch overlaps but serves separate purposes. The main powers of the executive branch rest with the President of the United States of America. Powers granted to him by the constitution include serving as commander in chief of the armed forces; negotiating treaties; appointing federal judges, ambassadors, and cabinet officials; and acting as head of state. The president also has a cabinet which includes officials such as the attorney general and the secretaries of State, Treasury, Defense, Interior, Agricu... ...ve. The legislative branch deals with the people, not directly, but in similar terms. The judicial branch could be considered the most democratic because the judicial branch is set-up to protect the people and their rights. While the legislative branch speaks for the people, the judicial branch protects the people. The executive branch does a combination of both the judicial branch and the legislative branch; however, it doesn’t focus solely on one power or the other. The executive branch works for the people, at the same time protecting the people. The executive branch has the power to veto bills and laws passed by the Congress, and the executive branch sees the laws through. All the branches, however democratic, are set-up for the people and to carry out the public’s will. If any of the branches were unable to do so, the system would not have survived 200 years.

A Family Supper by Kazuo Ishiguro Essay

Theme: is the conflict between generations in changing Japan. Meaning †¨the ways of past generations are giving way to new values that have not been fully developed in the younger generations. One exanple of this being that suicide, carried out in the face of defeat have now lost of its meaning and honor in younger generations. His mom is the ghost The fugu fish and the story of Mr. Watanabe and his family are subtle hints about the end of the story, foreshadowing. Are you moving to California THEME Symbols: Fish, mom, ghost Fugu is a fish caught off the Pacific shores of Japan. The fish has held a special significance for me ever since my mother died after eating one. The poison resides in the sex glands of the fish, inside two fragile bags. These bags must be removed with caution when preparing the fish, for any clumsiness will result in the poison leaking into the veins. Regrettably, it is not easy to tell whether or not this operation has been carried out successfully. The proof is, as it were, in the eating. Fugu poisoning is hideously painful and almost always fatal. If the fish has been eaten during the evening, the victim is usually overtaken by pain during his sleep. He rolls about in agony for a few hours and is dead by morning. The fish became extremely popular in Japan after the war. Until stricter regulations were imposed, it was all the rage to perform the hazardous gutting operation in one’s own kitchen, then to invite neighbors and friends round for the feast. At the time of my mother’s death, I was living in California. My relationship with my parents had become somewhat strained around that period and consequently I did not learn of the circumstances of her death until I returned to Tokyo two years later. Apparently, my mother had always refused to eat fugu, but on this particular occasion she had made an exception, having been invited by an old school friend whom she was anxious not to offend. It was my father who supplied me with the details as we drove from the airport to his house in the Kamakura district. When we finally arrived, it was nearing the end of a sunny autumn day. â€Å"Did you eat on the plane?† my father asked. We were sitting on the tatami floor of his tearoom. â€Å"They gave me a light snack.† â€Å"You must be hungry. We’ll eat as soon as Kikuko arrives.† My father was a formidable-looking man with a large stony jaw and furious black eyebrows. I think now, in retrospect, that he much resembled Chou En-lai, although he would not have cherished such a comparison, being particularly proud of the pure samurai blood that ran in the family. His general presence was not one that encouraged relaxed conversation; neither were things helped much by his odd way of stating each remark as if it were the concluding one. In fact, as I sat opposite him that afternoon, a boyhood memory came back to me of the time he had struck me several times around the head for â€Å"chattering like an old woman.† Inevitably, our conversation since my arrival at the airport had been punctuated by long pauses. â€Å"I’m sorry to hear about the firm,† I said when neither of us had spoken for some time. He nodded gravely. v â€Å"I see.† â€Å"We were partners for seventeen years. A man of principle and honor. I respected him very much.† â€Å"Will you go into business again?† I asked. â€Å"I am. . .in retirement. I’m too old to involve myself in new ventures now. Business these days has become so different. Dealing with foreigners. Doing things their way. I don’t understand how we’ve come to this. Neither did Watanabe.† He sighed. â€Å"A fine man. A man of principle.† The tearoom looked out over the garden. From where I sat I could make out the ancient well that as a child I had believed to be haunted. It was just visible now through the thick foliage. The sun had sunk low and much of the garden had fallen into shadow. â€Å"I’m glad in any case that you’ve decided to come back,† my father said. â€Å"More than a short visit, I hope.† â€Å"I’m not sure what my plans will be.† â€Å"I, for one, am prepared to forget the past. Your mother, too, was always ready to welcome you back– upset as she was by your behavior.† â€Å"I appreciate your sympathy. As I say, I’m not sure what my plans are.† â€Å"I’ve come to believe now that there were no evil intentions in your mind,† my father continued. â€Å"You were swayed by certain†¦influences. Like so many others.† â€Å"Perhaps we should forget it, as you suggest.† â€Å"As you will. More tea?† Just then a girl’s voice came echoing through the house. â€Å"At last.† My father rose to his feet. â€Å"Kikuko has arrived.† Despite our difference in years, my sister and I had always been close. Seeing me again seemed to make her excessively excited, and for a while she did nothing but giggle nervously. But she calmed down somewhat when my father started to question her about Osaka and her university. She answered him with short, formal replies. She in turn asked me a few questions, but she seemed inhibited by the fear that the questions might lead to awkward topics. After a while, the conversation had become even sparser than prior to Kikuko’s arrival. Then my father stood up, saying: â€Å"I must attend to the supper. Please excuse me for being burdened by such matters. Kikuko will look after you.† My sister relaxed quite visibly once he had left the room. Within a few minutes, she was chatting freely about her friends in Osaka and about her classes at university. Then quite suddenly she decided we should walk in the garden and went striding out onto the veranda. We put on some straw sandals that had been left along the veranda rail and stepped out into the garden. The light in the garden had grown very dim. â€Å"I’ve been dying for a smoke for the last half hour,† she said, lighting a cigarette. â€Å"Then why didn’t you smoke?† She made a furtive gesture back toward the house, then grinned mischievously. â€Å"Oh, I see,† I said. â€Å"Guess what, I’ve got a boyfriend now.† â€Å"Oh, yes?† â€Å"Except I’m wondering what to do. I haven’t made up my mind yet.† â€Å"Quite understandable.† â€Å"You see, he’s making plans to go to America. He wants me to go with him as soon as I finish studying.† â€Å"I see. And you want to go to America?† â€Å"If we go, we’re going to hitchhike.† Kikuko waved a thumb in front of my face. â€Å"People say it’s dangerous, but I’ve done it in Osaka and it’s fine.† â€Å"I see. So what is it you’re unsure about?† We were following a narrow path that wond through the shrubs and finished by the old well. As we walked, Kikuko persisted in taking unnecessarily theatrical puffs on her cigarette. â€Å"Well, I’ve got a lot of friends in Osaka. I like it there. I’m not sure I want to leave them all behind just yet. And Suichi†¦I like him, but â€Å"I’m not sure I want to spend so much time with him. Do you understand?† â€Å"Oh, perfectly.† She grinned again, then skipped on ahead of me until she had reached the well. â€Å"Do you remember,† she said as I came walking up to her, â€Å"how you used to say this well was haunted?† â€Å"Yes, I remember.† We both peered over the side. â€Å"Mother always told me it was the old woman from the vegetable store you’d seen that night,† she said. â€Å"But I never believe her and never came out here alone.† â€Å"Mother used to tell me that too. She even told me once the old woman had confessed to being the ghost. Apparently, she’d been taking a shortcut through our garden. I imagine she had some trouble clambering over these walls.† Kikuko gave a giggle. She then turned her back to the well, casting her gaze about the garden. â€Å"Mother never really blamed you, you know,† she said, in a new voice. I remained silent. â€Å"She always used to say to me how it was their fault, her’s and Father’s, for not bringing you up correctly. She used to tell me how much more careful they’d been with me, and that’s why I was so good.† She looked up and the mischievous grin had returned to her face. â€Å"Poor Mother,† she said. â€Å"Yes. Poor Moth er.† â€Å"Are you going back to California?† â€Å"I don’t know. I’ll have to see.† â€Å"What happened to†¦to her? To Vicki?† â€Å"That’s all finished with,† I said. â€Å"There’s nothing much left for me now in California.† â€Å"Do you think I ought to go there?† â€Å"Why not? I don’t know. You’ll probably like it.† I glanced toward the house. â€Å"Perhaps we’d better go in soon. Father might need a hand with the supper.† But my sister was once more peering down into the well. â€Å"I can’t see any ghosts,† she said. Her voice echoed a little. â€Å"Is Father very upset about his firm collapsing?† â€Å"Don’t know. You never can tell with Father.† Then suddenly she straightened up and turned to me. â€Å"Did he tell you about old Watanabe? What he did?† â€Å"I heard he committed suicide.† â€Å"Well, that wasn’t all. He took his whole family with him. His wife and his two little girls.† â€Å"Oh, yes?† â€Å"Those beautiful little girls. He turned on the gas while they were all asleep. Then he cut his stomach with a meat knife.† â€Å"Yes, Father was just telling me how Watanabe was a man of principle.† â€Å"Sick.† My sister turned back to the well. â€Å"I can’t see any ghost,† she said. â€Å"You were lying to me all that time.† ]†But I never said it lived down the well.† â€Å"Where is it then?† We both looked around at the trees and shrubs. The daylight had almost gone. Eventually I pointed to a small clearing some ten yards away. â€Å"Just there I saw it. Just there.† We stared at the spot. â€Å"What did it look like?† â€Å"I couldn’t see very well. It was dark.† â€Å"But you must have seen something.† â€Å"It was an old woman. She was just standing there, watching me.† We kept staring at the spot as if mesmerized. â€Å"She was wearing a white kimono,† I said. â€Å"Some of her hair had come undone. It was blowing around a little.† Kikuko pushed her elbow against my arm. â€Å"Oh, be quiet. You’re trying to frighten me all over again.† She trod on the remains of her cigarette, then for a brief moment stood regarding it with a perplexed expression. She kicked some pine needles over it, then once more displayed her grin. â€Å"Let’s see if supper’s ready,† she said. We found my father in the kitchen. He gave us a quick glance, then carried on with what he was doing. â€Å"Father’s become quite a chef since he’s had to manage on his own,† Kikuko said with a laugh. He turned and looked at my sister coldly. â€Å"Hardly a skill I’m proud of,† he said. â€Å"Kikuko, come here and help.† For some moments my sister did not move then she stepped forward and took an apron hanging from a drawer. â€Å"Just these vegetables need cooking now,† he said to her. â€Å"The rest just needs watching.† Then he looked up and regarded me strangely for some seconds. â€Å"I expect you want to look around the house,† he said eventually. He put down the chopsticks he had been holding. â€Å"It’s a long time since you’ve seen it.† As we left the kitchen I glanced toward Kikuko, but her back was turned. â€Å"She’s a good girl,† my father said. I followed my father from room to room. I had forgotten how large the house was. A panel would slide open and another room would appear. But the rooms were all startlingly empty. In one of the rooms the lights did not come on, and we stared at the stark walls and tatami in the pale light that came from the windows. â€Å"This house is too large for a man to live in alone,† my father said. â€Å"I don’t have much use for most of these rooms now.† But eventually my father opened the door to a room packed full of books and papers. There were flowers in vases and pictures on the walls. Then I noticed something on a low table in the corner of the room. I came nearer and saw it was a plastic model of a battleship, the kind constructed by children. It had been placed on some newspaper; scattered around it were assorted pieces of gray plastic. My father gave a laugh. He came up to the table and picked up the model. â€Å"Since the firm folded,† he said, â€Å"I have a little more time on my hands.† He laughed again, rather strangely. For a moment his face looked almost gentle. â€Å"A little more time.† â€Å"That seems odd,† I said. â€Å"You were always so busy.† â€Å"Too busy, perhaps.† He looked at me with a smile. â€Å"Perhaps I should have been a more attentive father.† I laughed. He went on contemplating his battleship. Then he looked up. â€Å"I hadn’t meant to tell you this, but perhaps it’s best that I do. It’s my belief that your mother’s death was no accident. She had many worries. And some disappointments.† We both gazed at the plastic battleship. â€Å"Surely,† I said eventually, â€Å"my mother didn’t expect me to live here forever.† â€Å"Obviously you don’t see. You don’t see how it is for some parents. Not only must they lose their children, they must lose them to things they don’t understand.† He spun the battleship in his fingers. â€Å"These little gunboats here could have been better glued, don’t you think?† â€Å"Perhaps. I think it looks fine.† â€Å"During the war I spent some time on a ship rather like this: if your ship was struck by the enemy, all you could do was struggle in the water hoping for a lifeline. But in an airplane– well, there was always the final weapon.† He put the model back onto the table. â€Å"I don’t suppose you believe in war.† â€Å"Not particularly.† He cast an eye around the room. â€Å"Supper should be ready by now,† he said. â€Å"You must be hungry.† Supper was waiting in a dimly lit room next to the kitchen. The only source of light was a big lantern that hung over the table, casting the rest of the room in shadow. We bowed to each other before starting the meal. There was little conversation. When I made some polite comment about the food, Kikuko giggled a little. Her earlier nervousness seemed to have returned to her. My father did not speak for several minutes. Finally he said: â€Å"It must feel strange for you, being back in Japan.† â€Å"Yes, it is a little strange.† â€Å"Already, perhaps, you regret leaving America.† â€Å"A little. Not so much. I didn’t leave behind much. Just some empty rooms.† â€Å"I see.† I glanced across the table. My father’s face looked stony and forbidding in the half-light. We ate in silence. Then my eye caught something at the back of the room. At first I continued eating, then my hands became still. The others noticed and looked at me. I went on gazing into the darkness past my father’s shoulder. â€Å"Who is that? In the photograph there?† â€Å"Which photograph?† My father turned slightly, trying to follow my gaze. â€Å"The lowest one. The old woman in the white kimono.† My father put down his chopsticks. He looked first at the photograph, then at me. â€Å"Your mother.† His voice had become very hard. â€Å"Can’t you recognize your own mother?† â€Å"My mother. You see, it’s dark. I can’t see it very well.† No one spoke for a few seconds, then Kikuko rose to her feet. She took the photograph down from the wall, came back to the table, and gave it to me. â€Å"She looks a lot older,† I said. â€Å"It was taken shortly before her death,† said my father. â€Å"It was the dark. I couldn’t see very well.† I looked up and noticed my father holding out a hand. I gave him the photograph. He looked at it intently, then held it toward Kikuko. Obediently, my sister rose to her feet once more and returned the picture to the wall. There was a large pot left unopened at the center of the table. When Kikuko had seated herself again, my father reached forward and lifted the lid. A cloud of steam rose up and curled toward the lantern. He pushed the pot a little toward me. â€Å"You must be hungry,† he said. One side of his face had fallen into shadow. â€Å"Thank you.† I reached forward my chopsticks. The steam was almost scalding. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"Fish.† â€Å"It smells very good.† In the soup were strips of fish that had curled almost into balls. I picked one out and brought it to my bowl. â€Å"Help yourself. There’s plenty.† â€Å"Thank you.† I took a little more, then pushed the pot toward my father. I watched him take several pieces to his bowl. Then we both watched as Kikuko served herself. My father bowed slightly. â€Å"You must be hungry,† he said again. He took some fish to his mouth and started to eat. Then I, too, chose a piece and put it in my mouth. It felt soft, quite fleshy against my tongue. The three of us ate in silence. Several minutes went by. My father lifted the lid and once more steam rose up. We all reached forward and helped ourselves. â€Å"Here,† I said to my father, â€Å"you have the last piece.† â€Å"Thank you.† When we had finished the meal, my father stretched out his arms and yawned with an air of satisfaction. â€Å"Kikuko,† he said, â€Å"prepare a pot of tea, please.† My sister looked at him, and left the room without comment. My father stood up. â€Å"Let’s retire to the other room. It’s rather warm in here.† I got to my feet and followed him into the tearoom. The large sliding windows had been left open, bringing in a breeze from the garden. For a while we sat in silence. â€Å"Father,† I said, finally. â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"Kikuko tells me Watanabe-san took his whole family with him.† My father lowered his eyes and nodded. For some moments he seemed deep in thought. â€Å"Watanabe was very devoted to his work,† he said at last. â€Å"The collapse of the firm was a great blow to him. I fear it must have weakened his judgment.† â€Å"You think what he did†¦it was a mistake?† â€Å"Why, of course. Do you see it otherwise?† â€Å"No, no. Of course not.† â€Å"There are other things besides work,† my father said. â€Å"Yes.† We fell silent again; the sound of locusts came in from the garden. I looked out into the darkness. The well was no longer visible. â€Å"What do you think you will do now?† my father asked. â€Å"Will you stay in Japan for a while?† â€Å"To be honest, I hadn’t thought that far ahead.† â€Å"If you wish to stay here, I mean here in this house, you would be very welcome; that is, if you don’t mind living with an old man.† â€Å"Thank you. I’ll have to think about it.† I gazed out once more into the darkness. â€Å"But of course,† said my father, â€Å"this house is so dreary now. You’ll no doubt return to America before long.† â€Å"Perhaps. I don’t know yet.† â€Å"No doubt you will.† For some time my father seemed to be studying the back of his hands. Then he looked up and sighed. â€Å"Kikuko is due to complete her studies next spring,† he said. â€Å"Perhaps she will want to come home then. She’s a good girl.† â€Å"Perhaps she will.† â€Å"Things will improve then.† â€Å"Yes, I’m sure they will.† We fell silent once more, waiting for Kikuko to bring the tea.

Timeline of Hernan Cortes Conquest of the Aztecs

1492: Christopher Columbus Discovers the New World for Europe. 1502: Christopher Columbus, on his Fourth New World Voyage, meets with some advanced traders: they were likely Mayan vassals of the Aztecs. 1517: Francisco Hernà ¡ndez de Cà ³rdoba expedition: three ships explore the Yucatan. Many Spanish are killed in skirmishes with the natives, including Hernandez. 1518 Jan. - Oct.: The Juan de Grijalva Expedition explores the Yucatan and southern part of Mexicos Gulf Coast. Some of those who took part, including Bernal Diaz del Castillo and Pedro de Alvarado, would later Join Cortes expedition. November 18: Hernan Cortes Expedition sets out from Cuba. 1519 March 24: Cortes and his men fight the Maya of Potonchan. After winning the battle, the Lord of Potonchan would give Cortes gifts, including a slave girl Malinali, who would go on to be better known as Malinche, Cortes invaluable interpreter and mistress. April 21: Cortes Expedition reaches San Juan de Ulua. June 3: Spanish visit Cempoala and found settlement of Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz. July 26: Cortes sends a ship with treasure and letters to Spain. August 23: Cortes treasure ship stops in Cuba and rumors start to spread of the wealth discovered in Mexico. September 2-20: Spanish enter Tlaxcalan territory and battle the fierce Tlaxcalans and their allies. September 23: Cortes and his men, victorious, enter Tlaxcala and make important alliances with the leaders. October 14: Spanish enter Cholula. October 25? (exact date unknown) Cholula Massacre: Spanish and Tlaxcalans fall on unarmed Cholulans in one of the city squares when Cortes learns of an ambush awaiting them outside the city. November 1: Cortes expedition leaves Cholula. November 8: Cortes and his men enter Tenochtitlan. November 14: Montezuma arrested and placed under guard by the Spanish. 1520 March 5: Governor Velazquez of Cuba sends Panfilo de Narvaez to rein in Cortes and regain control of the expedition. May: Cortes leaves Tenochtitlan to deal with Narvaez. May 20: Pedro de Alvarado orders the massacre of thousands of Aztec nobles at the Festival of Toxcatl. May 28-29: Cortes defeats Narvaez at the Battle of Cempoala and adds his men and supplies to his own. June 24: Cortes returns to find Tenochtitlan in a state of uproar. June 29: Montezuma is injured while pleading with his people for calm: he will die shortly from his wounds. June 30: the Night of Sorrows. Cortes and his men try to creep out of the city under cover of darkness but are discovered and attacked. Most of the treasure collected thus far is lost. July 7: Conquistadors score a narrow victory at the Battle of Otumba. July 11: Conquistadors reach Tlaxcala where they can rest and regroup. September 15: Cuitlahuac officially becomes the Tenth Tlatoani of the Mexica. October: Smallpox sweeps the land, claiming thousands of lives in Mexico, including Cuitlahuac. December 28: Cortes, his plans in place for the reconquest of Tenochtitlan, leaves Tlaxcala. 1521 February: Cuauhtemoc becomes eleventh Tlatoani of the Mexica. April 28: Brigantines launched in Lake Texcoco. May 22: Siege of Tenochtitlan formally begins: Causeways blockaded as the brigantines attack from the water. August 13: Cuauhtemoc is captured while fleeing Tenochtitlan. This effectively ends the resistance of the Aztec Empire. Sources Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. Trans., ed. J.M. Cohen. 1576. London, Penguin Books, 1963. Print.Levy, Buddy. New York: Bantam, 2008.Thomas, Hugh. New York: Touchstone, 1993.

Biography Of James Harold Doolittle Raid - 871 Words

James Harold Doolittle lived from 1896 to 1993, died at age nighty-six year-old, and he dedicated almost eighty years in his life to aviation. Living through the First and the Second World Wars, Doolittle began his aviation career as an army pilot since he enrolled in the Signal Corps of the U.S. Army during the First World War. Doolittle soon found his talent and passion in aviation, which made him a famous pilot already in 1922 when he became the fist person who flew coast to coast in under twenty-four hours in the United States. In addition to his participation in aviation, Doolittle was the first to bring up the idea of flying through any conditions with obstacles to visibility, and he pioneered instrument flying and helped to develop instruments. Then in 1929, he took off, flew, and landed with only instruments, also known as â€Å"blind flight†. However, the event that made Doolittle household around the world was the Doolittle Raid, which was an aerial raid on the Japan ese homeland planned by him. By looking at the achievements of James Doolittle, people consider him one of the most important people in aviation. James Harold Doolittle was born on December 14th, 1896 in California; however, he spent his youth with his parents, Frank Henry Doolittle and Rosa Cerenah Shephard, in Nome, Alaska. Eventually James’s mother and him left Frank behind and returned to California, where James attended and graduated from Manual Arts High School in 1914. James attended to the

The Politics of Turkish National Identity Essay - 1622 Words

The Politics of Turkish National Identity ?Modern Turkish National identity has been shaped by events that have taken place in the region throughout its history. The formation of the national identity can be attributed to two dichotomies of political thought and culture. Some people want to keep in line with Turkey?s modern history as a secular westernized country looking to join the European Union; while others hearken back to the days of the Ottoman Empire and wish to make Turkey a divided Islamic state. Conflict between those who consider themselves Turks and the Kurdish separatist party, a militant rebel force, has long shaped the changing Turkish national Identity. Today, Turkey in many ways has had ?to depart from a strict†¦show more content†¦The history of Turkey includes the Seljuks, who brought Islam and the modern Turkish language, and the Ottomans, who were a vast world power for centuries. This history culminated in the formation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 through the leadership and vision o f Mustafa Kemal. The goal of the new republic was to form a new country and society patterned after Western Europe. Kemal, the founder of Turkey, equated Westernization with the introduction of technology, the modernization of administration, and the evolution of democratic institutions (A Country Study). Kemal?s vision for Turkey embodied some ideas he instituted into the constitution of the Republic of Turkey. These ideas are republicanism, nationalism, populism, reformism, etatism[i], and secularism. ?Turkish society has changed due to a response to socioeconomic changes instituted by the secular government after 1923. Before the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish society was characterized by many illiterate farmers. 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Retailers Private Limited Small Business Enterprise

Question: Describe about the report on one particular small-scale retail organization Retailers Private Limited that operates in the heart of Manchester, United Kingdom? Answer: Introduction The modern business has witnessed a rapid growth among the small business sector. The demand for more small business enterprises are also increasing. There are several reasons that can be identified behind the rapid growth and expansion of this small-scale business firms. This report will throw light on one particular small-scale retail organization Retailers Private Limited that operates in the heart of Manchester, United Kingdom. Company Profile highlighting its respective strengths and weaknesses The organization Retailers Private Limited mainly deals with retail items of food and beverages. The organization was established in 2013. The total number of employees of the organization is around 24. The organization follows a simple structure of hierarchy. The chairperson, who is further followed by different levels of managers, occupies the top-level position. The different levels of managers include operational, financial, marketing and human resource managers. Among the rest 18 employees, 16 employees are sales executives and remaining two are office executives. The major mission and vision of the organization Retailers Private Limited is to gain a level of competitive advantage and surpass its local competitors. Since, it is a small-scale business organization; therefore, its primary objective is to maximize its margin of sales and its profit more than its existing competitors do. This will further ensure the sustainability of the respective organization. Ensuring the respective sustainability is the long-term goal of the organization Retailers Private Limited. The strength and weakness of the organization can be analyzed with the help of strategic tools of management (Gronum et al. 2012). The major strength of the organization lies in its quality of products and its respective pricing strategy. The organization has kept pricing strategy lower than its respective competitors in the market have. In addition to this, the organization is presently having a loyal base of customers who are repeatedly buying their products due to effective mode of customer service. However, it can be also deduced that the respective organization has several amount of weaknesses. The organization Retailers Private Limited cannot carry a large-scale business due to lower amount of sources. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that the turnover of employees of the organization is also on the higher side. Therefore, it is very difficult for the organization to increase their total amount of human resources in an effective manner. The expansion of the organization cannot also take place due to ineffective amount of financial and capital resources of the respective management of Retailers Private Limited. The organization also lacks in terms of operational resources like implementation of software like E-CRM, etc. In addition to this, the organization also faces several external threats on behalf of technology up gradation. The economy of United Kingdom also plays an effective part over the performance of the organization (Cowling et al. 2012). Competitive performance of the small-scale business organization The competitive performance of the organization Retailers Private Limited can be analyzed with its existing retail competitors of the market. It can be deduced that the sales figures of the organization in its last financial year were only 50,000 pounds. On the other hand, its nearby retail competitor has engrossed a total sale amount of 100,000 pounds. This further infers that the sales figure of its major competitor is almost the double of the respective organization. In addition to this, the organization Retailers Private Limited has only 24 employees, while its nearly competitor Honors Retailers have employee strength of 40 employees. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that the liquidity ratio of the organization is 1:2. The industry average is around 1:1. This further suggests that the organization lacks in terms of liquidity. Retailers Private Limited has failed to meet u with their short-term and long-term debt obligations. This is the reason why, their current liabil ities is higher than its assets. The profitability ratios of the organization Retailers Private Limited is also on the lower side. This is mainly because, the sales figures of the organization is low. This further infers that the labor efficiency and human resource efficiency of the retail organization is dull. This is a further result low production capability of Retailers Private Limited (Zortea-Johnston et al. 2012) Actions to be taken to overcome the weakness of small-scale retail organization Retailers Private Limited can take more than a few steps to overcome their weaknesses in terms of its competitors. The organization has to opt for short-term sources of finance to increase its financial capabilities or financial resources. This will further help the organization to improve their liquidity ratios by meeting their short term and long-term debts of the organization. Apart from this, the management of the organization needs incorporate a proper structure and culture to improve the efficiency and productivity of the respective organization. In addition to this, it can be also inferred that the organization has to formulate several strategies to increase their sales and profit margin of the organization. In addition to this, the organization may also have to increase their product range and their total number of employees in an effective manner. In addition to this, it can be deduced that the organization can produce more units of their respective products at low costs. Th is will further increase the sales figures of the organization. Apart from this, the organization also requires to cut down their operational costs to increase their profit margin. The retailer Retailers Private Limited is required to work on their strengths to overcome their weakness in an effective manner. They can also diversify their products into the segment of non-food retail items like clothing and accessories (Ackermann, Audretsch, 2013). Maintaining and strengthening the existing performance of the small-scale organization The organization Retailers Private Limited is required to maintain their existing performance in an effective manner. The organization is required to implement all the modern form of operational systems within their internal business environment. However, before that, the organization is required to procure financial funds for their expansion in an effective manner. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that the organization Retailers Private Limited is required to have a long-term business goals in terms of their profits and sales figures. This can only be done if it opts for expansion and diversification of its business. With limited number of resources, it will be an uphill task for the organization Retailers Private Limited to opt for expansion with a limited amount of resources. This can only be done if the organization works on their strengths and improve the quality of their respective products. In addition to this, the organization also requires to implement effective o perational resources like E-CRM to satisfy the needs and demands of the respective customers. The organization also requires attaining core competency and competitive advantage more than its competitors possess. In addition to this, it can be deduced that the organization can also take effective feedback from the customers to improve their performance in an effective manner. In addition to this, the organization Retailers Private Limited can increase their product width in order to maximize the present strengths in an effective manner. Areas of expansion for the given small-scale firm There are more than a few areas of expansion that the organization Retailers Private Limited can cater to increase their strengths in an effective manner. This can be in the form of product width and product range expansion in an effective manner. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that it can be deduced that if the organization increases its product width by catering into the new segment in the non-food retail items, then they can easily cater a wide segment of consumers and it can expand in a big manner. In addition to this, it can be deduced that the organization Retailers Private Limited may expand its total among of financial and operational resources. This will further improve the current ratio and quick ratio of the organization. The organization can also improve its sales figures and profitability ratios by cutting down the total amount of variable costs in an effective manner (Torri, 2012).The organization can also work on its brand image and brand equity in the loc al competitive market. Due to this reason, it is of great essence of the organization to outperform its competitors in the market. There is a huge scope for the organization Retailers Private Limited to maximize its total number of employees by expanding its stores in some other different locality. In addition to this, Retailers Private Limited needs to divide its short term and long term mission and measure their respective variances. In addition to this, the organization can also improve its supply chain and inbound logistics activities. This will further help them to deliver a better service to their customers in an effective manner. In this way, it can be opined that that the organization has a huge scope of expansion to compete with its local competitors. Review of the current plans and objectives of the small-scale organization Retailers Private Limited has several plans and objectives. This can be further divided into short term and long term objectives and goals. The overall list and objectives of the organization can be further evaluated with the assessment of the following table:- 1. Maximizing the total amount of revenue by 20 percent from the last financial year 2. To maximize the amount of financial and operating resources 3. To expand its branches in other different cities of United Kingdom 4. To recruit more people as sales executives 5. To diversify their business into non-food retail items effectively Table 1: Total number of objectives and goals of the organization Retailers Private Limited These are the primary objectives of the organization Retailers Private Limited that will further help the organization to surpass its local competitors. However, there are more than a few secondary objectives of the respective retail organization Retailers Private Limited. The secondary objectives and mission of the organization include improved of inbound logistics, supply and production management and redesigning its organization structure and organization culture. On the other hand, it is also important for the business organization to give a proper and effective service to the prospective customers. This can only be done if the organization can achieve its given objectives in an effective manner. In addition to this, the management of the organization Retailers Private Limited has redesigned its given objectives on the basis of the needs and requirements of the market (Stewart and Hitt, 2012). Revised plans of the small-scale organization to implement the changes There are more than a few objectives that the organization Retailers Private Limited has failed to attain in their short and long-run of operations. Apart from this, it can be further deduced that there are several objectives which the organization has also successfully achieved. This can be evaluated with the help of the following table:- List of the given objectives Successful/ Failed to achieve Maximizing the total amount of revenue by 20 percent from the last financial year No To maximize the amount of financial and operating resources Yes To expand its branches in other different cities of United Kingdom No To recruit more people as sales executives No . To diversify their business into non-food retail items effectively Yes Table 2: Variances of the given objectives and goals of the organization Retailers Private Limited It can be inferred that there are more than a few objectives that the organization Retailers Private Limited has failed to achieve. Therefore, the organization has to revise their plans to minimize the total number of variances of their given list of objectives (Rauch et al. 2005). It can be further inferred that the organization has to improve its production and operational efficiency in order to maximize the total production and selling units of the organization. It is deduced that if Retailers Private Limited is successful in maximizing its production and operational units, then they can effectively increase their total amount of sales. If the organization can improve its financial resources, then, they can utilize the total amount in the promotional activities. If the organization can carry out its activities based on effective word of mouth marketing, then its customer base will automatically increase. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that if the total amount of reven ue and total amount of customer base increases, then the organization Retailers Private Limited can easily expand its brands effectively. In addition to this, the hierarchical structure of the organization is also required to be improved with the existing work culture of the management (Zhang, 2012). Plan of action to implement the given changes of the small scale organization The organization Retailers Private Limited is required to implement a proper an effectively action plan to redesign the changes within the organization. The given action plan for the organization is required to be SMART. This further suggests that the organization needs to have a specific plan in terms of increase of sales and customer base. This can be done with effective customer service and increase of production efficiency of the organization. The organization can measure the change of the given changes. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that the given action plan for Retailers Private Limited is achievable in comparison with its respective competitors of the market. This is also realistic in terms of local market competitors of retail market of United Kingdom (Stokes and Wilson, 2010).The total time period of the given objective of the organization can be estimated as 18 months. The given objective of the action plan for Retailers Private Limited can be effectively man aged and implemented with full utilization of total amount of resources. If the resources can be utilized and procured, then expansion and promotion activities can be carried out by the small-scale organization. This can be further implemented with the below project management plan:- Total Activities 1-3 months 3-5 months 5-8 months 8-15 months 15-18 months Total allocation of resources and planning and coordinating of the organization Expansion of products and branches Extensive promotion of the products Carrying out the operational activities to increase sales and customer base of the organization Measurement and monitoring of the variances of the given objectives Table 3: Time table of the respective action plan of the organization Overall impact of the changes in the respective firm and also their personnel The above discussed changes will have an extremely positive effect on the small-scale firm Retailers Private Limited. In addition to this, if the total amount of financial and operational resources of the organization increases in a respective manner, then, the firm can utilize those resources in their promotional activities in an effective manner. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that if the total amount of promotional activities increases, then the sales figures and customer base will automatically improve effectively. Apart from this, it can be inferred that the organizational structure and culture of the organization will automatically improve. The firm Retailers Private Limited will also surpass its local competitor retailers by attaining a level of competitive advantage effectively. This will further enhance the brand equity of Retailers Private Limited (Bridge O'Neill, 2012). Management of changes in the small-scale business organization The process of change management is of great essence for Retailers Private Limited. This is mainly because, if the top-level management of the organization could not mange the respective changes, then, they cannot sustain in the long-run. In addition to this, it can be also inferred that that organization Retailers Private Limited needs to communicate with all the stakeholders of the organization to manage the respective changes. If they can use effective communication tools, then they can effectively manage the process of change management in comparison to its current local competitors. An effective change management model is required to be implementing by the respective organization. This can be through the process of unfreeze-change-refreeze. This can be further infers that if the organization can easily unfreeze the previous changes and implements the respective changes in an effective manner, then the change management process can be effectively managed by the management of Reta ilers Private Limited. This can be further inferred that proper internal and external communication tools in their internal and external business environment. In addition to this, it can be also deduced that there are several activities of the organization that can go wrong. For this reason, it is important for the respective business organization Retailers Private Limited to have a contingency plan to minimize the risk variances of the action plans of the objectives of the research. For example, if the sales of the organization do not go up by the respective percentage, then, the organization needs to keep a secondary plan to increase the sales or cost cutting of the various operational activities. The given contingency plan of the organization will further help the management of Retailers Private Limited to manage the overall variances of the change management system. This will further improve the sustainability of the small-scale retail firm (Quinn et al. 2013) Monitor of the improvements of the performance of the organization There are more than a few monitoring tools to monitor the respective business organization. These can be further inferred that these monitoring tools are in the form of financial statement analysis, primary data collection from the customers, management by objectives and comparison with the respective competitors. This will further help the organization to identify their respective variances in their internal and external activities of their respective organizations. The given tools of performance monitoring can further help the organization to take proper steps in order to minimize the variances in an effective manner (Kotler and Armstrong, 2006). Conclusion As a business consultant, the learner has redesigned the structure and operating activities of the small-scale firm Retailers Private Limited. The given action plan will be of great essence for the sustainability of the organization. This plan also has a contingency plan that will help the organization to minimize the different types of market and business risks. With the help of this, the small-scale firm Retailers Private Limited will effectively achieve their given strategic business goals. References Bridge, S., and O'Neill, K. (2012).Understanding enterprise: entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan. Stewart, A.,and Hitt, M. A. (2012). Why canta family business be more like a nonfamily business? Modes of professionalization in family firms.Family Business Review,25(1), 58-86. Gronum, S., Verreynne, M. L., and Kastelle, T. (2012). The Role of Networks in Small and Mediumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Sized Enterprise Innovation and Firm Performance.Journal of Small Business Management,50(2), 257-282. Cowling, M., Liu, W., and Ledger, A. (2012). Small business financing in the UK before and during the current financial crisis.International Small Business Journal,30(7), 778-800. Zortea-Johnston, E., Darroch, J., Matear, S. (2012). Business orientations and innovation in small and medium sized enterprises.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,8(2), 145-164. Ackermann, S., and Audretsch, D. B. (2013).The economics of small firms: A European challenge(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Rauch, A., Frese, M., and Utsch, A. (2005). Effects of Human Capital and Longà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Term Human Resources Development and Utilization on Employment Growth of Smallà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Scale Businesses: A Causal Analysis1.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,29(6), 681-698. McAdam, R., Moffett, S., Hazlett, S. A., and Shevlin, M. (2010). Developing a model of innovation implementation for UK SMEs: A path analysis and explanatory case analysis.International Small Business Journal,28(3), 195-214. Quinn, J., Doorley, T., Paquette, P. (2013). Technology in services: rethinking strategic focus.Sloan Management Review, Win-ter1990QuinnWinterSloan Management Review1990. Poulton, C., Dorward, A., and Kydd, J. (2010). The future of small farms: New directions for services, institutions, and intermediation.World Development,38(10), 1413-1428. Stokes, D., and Wilson, N. (2010).Small business management and entrepreneurship. Cengage Learning EMEA. Cocca, P., and Alberti, M. (2010). A framework to assess performance measurement systems in SMEs.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,59(2), 186-200. Blanchflower, D. G., Levine, P. B., Zimmerman, D. J. (2003). Discrimination in the small-business credit market.Review of Economics and Statistics,85(4), 930-943. Bhaskaran, S. (2008). Relationship marketing and e-business. Barton, A.C.T.: Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2006). Principles of marketing. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Poulton, C., Dorward, A., and Kydd, J. (2010). The future of small farms: New directions for services, institutions, and intermediation.World Development,38(10), 1413-1428. Lamb, C., Hair, J. and McDaniel, C. (2002). Marketing. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western. Race, D. and Stewart, H. (2007). Private native forestry in new landscapes: challenges and opportunities in New South Wales. Small-scale Forestry, 6(2), pp.189-203. Torri, M. (2012). The jamu system: linking small-scale enterprises, traditional knowledge and social empowerment?. IJESB, 15(4), p.488. Van Putten, I. and Jennings, S. (2010). Modeling Forest Owner Harvesting Behaviour and Future Intentions in Tasmania. Small-scale Forestry, 9(2), pp.175-193. Venn, T. and Calkin, D. (2008). Challenges of Socio-economically Evaluating Wildfire Management on Non-industrial Private and Public Forestland in the Western United States. Small-scale Forestry, 8(1), pp.43-61. Zhang, Y. (2012). Future computing, communication, control and management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. Aloulou, W., and Fayolle, A. (2005). A conceptual approach of entrepreneurial orientation within small business context.Journal of Enterprising Culture,13(01), 21-45. Stokes, D., and Wilson, N. (2010).Small business management and entrepreneurship. Cengage Learning EMEA.

Retail Business Analysis

Table of Contents Introduction Background Generic marketing strategy Segmentation strategy Recommendation and implementation Conclusion References Introduction A market strategy in allows an organization to focus its resources to the most profitable of opportunities with the objective of maintaining and increasing sales and gain a competitive edge as against other similar or alternative competitor organizations. They are therefore a fundamental tool in every organization in as far as achievement of the market objectives is concerned. (Gupta and Lehmann 2005, p70-77)Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Retail Business Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Background The retail establishment specialized on the sale of electronic products majority of which were computers and communication devices such as cell phones. The retail outlet has a turnover of $50000 and has wide and characteristically differen tiated market. There are numerous similar stores that sell alternative or similar electronic products and therefore the market environment is highly aggressive and competitive. The establishment has a reliable supply source and is therefore able to cut on warehousing costs that are otherwise incurred by other retailers. It also has a resourceful labor force that is employed on a permanent basis hence reducing the unpredictability of casual and on demand labor. It has also managed to cut on its management overheads by implementing an impress system that has increased the level of accountability and reduced wastage. The establishment has also invested heavily in surveillance technology that has ensured that there is little or no loss from theft of products from the shelves. It has also allowed them to stock high value equipment, which is not available in other retail shops. The retail establishment has also partnered with an advertising company that purchases their products at discoun ted prices in return for constant and frequent advertising. This has ensured that the establishment acquires new markets every day and maintains leadership in the current market. Generic marketing strategy The internal and external factors in the establishment have led the manager to implement a cost leadership strategy. The strategy is motivated by the ability to cut down on costs and maintain a profit margin even at these low costs. The retile shop offers low prices on small value products. It also maintains leadership in the high value products by offering them at the same price as all others but with warranties of varying periods. Segmentation strategy Market segmentation is segregating the customer base into groups of similar interests or needs (Goldstein 2007, pp 2-30). The electronics market has a complicated need base and therefore presents a great challenge in as far as segmentation is concerned. The establishment has therefore segmented the customers by the price.Advertisi ng Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This therefore means that there are two main categories of customers, these who buy low value products and those who buy high value products. Low value products are those whose price is below $2000 awhile the high value products are those whose value is above $2000. These customers receive different treatment in as far as price and discounts are concerned. Recommendation and implementation The marketing and market segmentation strategies fall just in line with the position of the establishment in as far as internal and external factors are concerned. The strategy therefore is just convenient for the business as it is in the short run. The organization however has the opportunity to explore more avenues by either altering or improving the current strategy. The market segmentation strategy should include a third category of customers who purcha se products valued between $ 2000 and $10000. The current strategy allows a discount to low vale products since these products require little or no repair after purchase. The high value products on the other hand attract a warranty in the alternative of a discount due to their nature and disposable life. The customer is therefore more likely to go for a product with a warranty as opposed to that with a discount. However the consumers of products whose value is between $ 2000 and $10000 are at the point of indifference and will therefore either go for a product with a warranty or a product with a discount whichever is more beneficial. This means that the establishment looses a considerable number of customers. The alternative approach would be to grant this third category of customers a partial discount and a partial warranty. This ensures that the customers benefit either way. Conclusion The organization ha effectively managed t implement the cost leadership strategy and has a good chance at improving its market segmentation. Implementation of the alterative strategy will increase the consumer base as well as increase the sales revenue. References Gupta, S. and Lehmann, R. (2005). Managing Customers as Investments: The Strategic Value of Customers in the Long Run. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education/Wharton School Publishing, pages 70-77.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Retail Business Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Goldstein, D. (2007). â€Å"What is Customer Segmentation?† New York, NY. Retrieved from http://www.mindofmarketing.net/2007/05/customer-segmentation-why-exactly-does.html This research paper on Retail Business Analysis was written and submitted by user Geraldine Flynn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.